Metal car-roof.



- J. J. BUFPMAN,

METAL GAR ROOF., APPLIOATION FILED JANA, 1912.

Patented Apr. 7, 1914.

A sHEETssHBET 1.-

J. J. HOFFMAN.

METAL OAR ROOF.

APPLIUMION FILED JAN. 4, 1912V Patented Apr. 7, 1914.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

J. J. HOFFMAN;

METAL GAR ROOF.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 4, 1912,

Patented Apr. 7, 1914 6 EHEBTS-SHEET 3.

Mike/'95565:

J. J. HOFFMAN.

METAL GAR Roof.

APPLICATION YILEDVJANA, 1912.

PatentezApr. '7, 1914 il l Y.

J. J. HOFFMAN.

METAL CAE ROOF.

APPLICATION lILLD mlm, 1912.

atented Apr??? 5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

lowing is a specification.

srafgns JOHN J. HOFFMAN, OF NEW KENSINGTON, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, T0 I. H. MURPHY COMPANY, -OF PARNASSUS, PENNSYLVANA,

CORIORATION 0F PENNSYLVANIA.

METAL CAR-ROOF.

Application filed January 4, 1912. Serial No.v669,475.

To all idiom it may concern Be it known that I, JOHN J. HoiiriiaN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of New Kensington, in the county of -Testinoroland and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful improvement in Metal Car-Roofs, of which the fol- My invention relates to metal roofs for freight cars, and has for its obJect theimprovenient, of such roofs to adapt them to withstand the wear and tear of service and to malte them watertight.

Further objects of my invention are to strengthen and improve the `roof substructure, and to eliminate condensation of mois` ture on the under surface thereof.

Further my invention will more fully appear in connection with the description of 'the embodiment thereof illustrated in the ac comp-.inying drawings, which are made a` part of this speciiioation, andwill be pointed out with more particularity in the appended claims.

ln the drawings, in which likeA characters are used to designate like parts wherever they occur throughout the several views,-I

Figure l is a top plan of a portion ofA a car roof embodying my invention, part of the roof covering being removed to disclose vthe roof substructure; Fig. 2 is a side elevation of a portion of a car at the eaves, showing my improved roof applied thereto; Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1

showing apcrtioii of the end of the ear in.

elevation; Fig. 4 is a vert-ical section on the line 4% in Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a.v vertical section through the saine parts as Fig. 4 but taken at right angles thereto on the line 5 5 in Fig. 4; showing the carline in side elevation; Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the run ning board saddle boltloc-king casting; Fig. '7 is a perspective view of a part or" a seam coi'er showing the hole for the running board saddle bolt; Fig. S is a transverse vertical section through the car at the eaves on the center line of a cailine, showing the seam cover hood clip bolts and end of the carliiie partly in elevation; Fig. 9 is a side elevation of a portion of the car at the eaves showing a seaiii cover hood cli Fig. 10 is :a transverse vertical section tirough the car at the eaves on the line 10?-10 in Fig. 1 showing Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. '7, 1914.

u the clip and bol in elevation; 11 is a view of the blan for the seam cover hood clip bolt lock; Fig. 12 shows the method of applying the sanie to secure the seam cover hood clip bolt in the end of the Vertical Web of the carline; Fig. 13 is a vertical section through the roof at a'seam transverse thereto, showing the ends of the purlins and filler blocks in side elevation; Fig. 14 is a top plan view of a portion of a carline showing the method of attachment of the ends'of the purlins and filler blocks thereto; Fig. 15 is a top plan view of a portion of the roof adjacenta seam at the point of attachment of a running board saddle, partly broken away to disclose thelining and carline; Fig. 16 is an enlarged vertical section through the roof on the line 16-16 in Fig. l showing a running boa-rd saddle in elevation; Fig. 17 is a top plan view of the ruiming board saddle and adjacent parts shown in Fig. 16 to the same scale; Fig. 18 is a vertical seetionvon the line '18-18 in Fig. 17; Fig. 19 is a perspective view of the end of a purlin; Fig. 2O is a perspective View of an intermediate running board saddle; Fig. 21 is a perspective view of a meeting ruiming board saddle; Fig. 22 is a diagrammatic view showing a roof sheet in its normal position on the roof; Fig. 23 is a similar diagrammatic view showing the 4 relative arrangement of roof sheet, carlines and side plates with the roof substructure distorted; and Fig.`24 is a perspective view of a roof sheet.

ln the drawings, I have illustrated iny invention as applied to a car having Wooden side and end plates 1, 2 and wood side and end sheathing 3, 4, thoughit is equally applicable to cars made wholly 'or partly of metal. In my improved roof the carlines 5 are of commercial T section, bent in the plane of the web G to an arc of a circle, and extending from side plate to side plate in parallel vertical arcs with the ianofes 7 resting on the side plates and the wells uppermost. The ends S'of the flanges 7 are bent over the side plates and rigidly bolted thereto. Purlins 9 foi-ined of 4strips of metal flanged upwardly along the sides to form channels between the points of attachment` to the carlines extend longitudinally of the car parallel with the side plates and bridgeV the spaces between the carlines. These purlins are rigidly secured vto the lateral Hanges of the carlines and greatly stiften the root substructure from racking and weavino' under the varyingstresses to which the rooiia is constantly-subjected in service. e

Filling pieces 10 of woodare placed in the channels ofthe purlins and extend :trom carline to carline, theirupper surfaces forming with the side plates the supporting means for the roof sheets 11. Between the purlins are arranged sheathing boards 12, theV ends of the sheathing boards resting on the lateral anges of the carlines. Thissheathing, with the .fillers in the ',purlins,..for`ms a complete wood lining under the roof sheets extending from eaves to eaves, and from end to'end of the car except ,for the webs of the carlines projecting through it.l The roof sheets are supported above this lining forv the most part, thus forming a dead air 'space divided into isolated" sections b the'carline. webs 6 and filling pieces 10, w ichair space serves as a heat insulator and alsopreventsthe condensationof moisture on the under side 'of the roof which is apt to occur to an objecf ticnable extent' on .metal roofs having no.

The` roof sheets extend from eaves to eaves' and are secured at the eaves by clips 13 at-Y tached to the fascias'l opposite the middle. of each sheetfby bolts 13. These bolts also serve to secure 7the fascias tothe sidey plates. The sheets are provided with uptnrned side extending inwardlygand downwardly.

` f flanges ,15 providedcwith rebent margins 16 The ,endsofjthesheetsiare turned down over'the eaves,Y formingend` anges 17, into.

rabbetsl in thje topsyof the', `fascias.- The sheets, originally rectangular, after'anging' are shorter acrossythemiddle.'len th vthan alon theiside anlges andtheen flanges are ee er at theaini'ddie partY thereof than at the en s near` the corners of thesheets. This wideningof'the flanges -stift'ens the. ends of the sheet against bue ling.` The end .anges 17 t'against the inner sides oilthe rabbets in the fascias at their middle portions, while at the corners ,of the sheets the 'anges are spaced awayfrom the inner sides Yof the fascias: Theclips l 13 dqnotinch the sheets ti htly, but are'spaced slight y therefrom to aow some play of the sheet on thesubStructure. This arrangement' prevents the sheets vfrom' creeping across the y"car andoverha'nge -in theeaves oif one s1de,`a' nd stlllvpermits. su cient' movement to avoid binding @and tearing the,1 sheets. .Theshape ofthe ends'of Ythe sheets whereby" the corners f arel vlt plenty of freedom of movement obvx-atesthe danger of tearing the sheets whenthefcar1is.

out of square, asis shown dia'gravllmngatgic,allyv in Figs. 22 and 23. er The roof sheets are-formed w1thlongitudrlnal corrugations .18 adjacent to the eide'4 mare ginal ianges which coperate with the hollow seam covers 19 to deflect water over the latter and maintain a watertight joint be tween'thesheets. The seam covers extend from eaves to eaves and are approximately inverted U shape, straddling` the carlines and.

sheet side flanges, with their lower margins 35 bent outwardly and Banged to rest on the sheets between .the side flanges and corruga tions. y

The tops of the seam covers extend over 'the tops of .the inwardly and downwardly .rjeben-t mar ins of the roof sheet flanges at a distance a ove them,fthus leaving a considerable space over the inturned margins of the roof sheet side flanges within the seam covers. An- Iwater which ma s lash into this space wil run 0H the slight y ownwardl inclined inturned margins of the roof s eet side` anges, .and down 'the inside walls of .the

seam covers'and so oi the eaves of the car..

The seamcaps are secured at the eaves by hood Aclips20 covering their open ends and uttachedto the ends of the earline's and tov lthe sides of the car by bolts 21, 22. The heads of the bolts attached to the carlines are slipped into slots inthe ends of the cai'- line webs,.and locked in place by metal strips.'

28 slipped over the body ofthe bolt and then bent to embrace `the carline web, the projecti ing sides of the bolt head passlng through slots 24 shaped to receive them.. The ends of the seam covers, though securely held 1n place by the hood clips, arejree topmove' longitudinally .under `the latter' 'with-'the` 'weaving of the roof. substructure.

. 100i The seam covers are secured tothe tops of the vcarline web at the middle of thecar b the ends 240i? the running board saddles and lts 26 therefor. These bolts are, also secured in notches punched in the webs of thelcarlines in much the same way as lthe bolts. for the, hood' clips, exec t that the bolt lockingmeans 27 .is a Inalleah e casting shaped to conform. 4to the under.' side .of the seam covers, .and

adapted to be assed'over the body of the 'ii' bolt and tted own snugly. gon'the to of the.

carline web-toiorm asupport for 't e seam coveraswell.A as a lock or the bolt. This: bolt lock.anc1-fsea1`n cover support is formed with a projection yor boss 28 onits upper surface surrounding thebolt hole adapte to tit under'simlar projections 29 en the seam cover`a nd the ends 25 ofthe runnlng board 'saddlesar'e shaped to conform to the top sur-J y 'faceif the seam cover at this point and embrace and cover the latter at the bolt holes, so

thatwhen the nuts are tightened to secure thev i .running board 'saddle and .seam cover to thecarlinefnq water 'can' find its way between these partsinto the car. Y

' Twxforinsof running board-saddlesfare used; one 80 ,'for the meeting AendsV of the boards, and the other 31-` to support 'the running' boards 36 between the meeting ends. The first comprises two sidepieces 32 upon which the ends of the running boards are bolted, and a central strap piece 33 coveringthe ends of the running boards and preventing them from warping or splitting and sticking up to trip the brakemen. The intermediate running board ,saddles comprise a flat strip connecting the two ends, on which strip the running boards rest and` to which they are bolted. BothArunning board saddles are formed with p'rojections 34 extending between the boards to position them and prevent their lateral displacement 1n case the bolts should not hold securely.

`Although the,seam covers are rigidly secured upon the `carlines of the ridge, and equally well secured 'at the eaves in so far .as any but longitudinal .movement thereof is g concerned, they are not clamped down on f the roof sheets so tightly as to bind the latter and prevent -all movement o n thesnbstructure. Moreover, the sheets are of snch dimensions that the side flanges are slightly spaced from the webs of the carlines, and

the seam covers areof such width that the s traddle the sheet iianges with some space movement of the sheets. tremities of the sheet -anges and outwardly7 slanting margins of the sides of the seam covers coperateto provide a considerable space between the seam -covers and sheet flanges for water to collect in and still do not permit much lateral movement of the roof sheets. Some movement of the' roof sheets upon the substructure .is desirable in order to relievev the sheets of strains due to distortion of the roof substructure under the-many and varied stressesof service .vbut my roof sheet is so formed that this motion need be but slight, and the sheets are so arranged with respect to the'other parts of the roofthat they will always be maintained substantially in normal position on the roof substructure.

Having described an embodiment of my invention in detail, what I desire vto secure by Letters Patent is not limited to the p recise forms illustrated and described, but is defined in the following claims based thereon.`

I claim: v

l. A 'roof sheetfor car roofs, said roof sheet comprising a. body portion and end fianges and having a greater length from end to end along the side margins of said body portions than along the middle length thereof.

2. A roof sheet for c ar roofs, said rpof sheet having downturned end flanges wider in the middle portion than at the ends thereof, the overall length of said roof sheet before Hanging being the salue throughout its width, f

v 3. Aroof sheet for car roofs, sa'id roof sheet comprising` a bodyportion varying in flength'throughout its widt said bodyY portion being shorter along ie median line than along the side margins, and flanges of varying-width on the ends of said sheet, said iangesf-*being of greater width at the mid portion of the sheet than adjacent 'the corners thereof.

4. In aA metal car roof, carliues'having vertical webs, purlins between the webs, and roof sheets supporteda on said pnr1ins, in combination with sheathing supported by said carlines and arranged between said purlins to -form dead air spaces beneath the roof sheets. l

5. In a car roof, carlines having lateral fianges and vertical webs, purlins attached to saidcarlines and proje'ctingabove said anges between the4 webs of the carlines, roof sheets arrangedon said purlins. between the webs ofthe carlines, and roof sheathing supported on said'carline ianges and. spaced below said roof sheets.

6. In a car roof, carlines having lateral flanges, purlinsattaehed to said carlines and projecting above-said .flanges, roof sheets arrangedaon said purlins, and roof sheathing supported on said -carlie iianges and spaced below said roof sheets.

7. In a metal`car roof, metal roof sheets extendmg from eaves to 'eavfesin combmation with carlines and pnrlins for support ing the same, and a roof liningsupported between said cai-lines and purlins below said,

sheets to formisolated dead air spaces beneath the latter.

8. In a metal car roof, carlines having' webs provided with dovetail slots, metal cover strips loverlying the earlins, supports for the cover strips, said supports being adapted to embrace the carline webs vand to conform to the under side of the and bolts having heads adapted to be 1n'- 'serted laterally'into the slots in the cai-lines,

sind supports and cover strips being perforated to pass over said bolts t'o secure the latter in position in said slots. l

9. Ina car roof, carlines having webs provided with slots, bolts having heads shaped to conform to said slots and arranged therein, and retaining pieces perforated to receive said bolts and shaped to embrace 'the saidwebs to retain said bolts in position.

j 10. In a metal car roof, c'arlines having Webs provided vwith dovetail slots, metal cover strips overlying the carlines, said cover strips having bolt|holes near the ridge, the lmetal vat said bolt holes being formed up, supports for the cover strips, said sup- .ports being adapted, to embrace the carline cover strip, i

. .4o Wardl .the .cover 'strips'at the bolt holes, and bolts having heads adapted to be inserted laterally into the slots in the car'lines, said supppi'ts andcover strips being slipped over I said boltsyand runninglzoard saddles shaped to conform to said cover strips at said bolt holes secured by said bolts,- said saddles, cover strips and supports forming a wate'r n tight structure.

"1,0 11. In acar roof, a sheet metal covering holes `in the covering, said running board s'addle ends being formed to engage with projections on said lcclvering surrounding said holes, and means forseeuring said parts together whereby a water tight structure is maintained. 4.

12. In a carl. roof, c'arlines having-webs rovided with dbvetailfslots, bolts with their eadsinserted-in saidgslots, metal cover strips slipped over said bolts, said cover strips having bossed bolt holes supports so for thecover strips,sa id sup orts mbracing the carline webs and the bo tsto retain the latter in the dovetail slots, and means co operating `with said bolts for securing said covel strips, said means. each havin a re` 85 cess-'on itsunder side'into which the ossed A portion of the cover strip projects to form a water tight joint,

13. A; roofsheet-for car roofs, said roof sheet comprising a body-portion having incurved ends .provided with downturne end flanges, said end anges being bowed inwardly toward the center of the sheet.

14. In a car roofl construction, the frame work comprising side plates along the eaves ofthe car, and a roofing sheet extending from eaves to eaves between and over said n side dates and provided with depending' end anges overhanging-the outside sides 4|50 o f said side plates, said rooting sheet. being loosely secured u on the frame work and having its depen ing end portions incon-4 tact with the side plates at their middle points, said end portions beings aced from.

said side' plates at their ends w ereby said roof sheet is capable of canting in a substantially horizontal plane independently of the side plates. 15. In oar-roof-construction, the framecofwork -comprising the two laterally spaced side plates, and roofing-sheet -extending between and over the side plates a d provided at theouter' side of eac side p ate with a Y depending. end-portion, said rooting-sheet i5 benigconnected to the side plates an movcarlines and the side' flanges o able bytheside plates during the movementl of the side plates occasioned by the weaving or racking of the car and also capable of canting in a substantially horizontalplane independently of the side plates during said movement of the 'side plates, the depending end-portions of the roofing-sheet having lateral bearing' at their inner sides centrally between the side edges of the roofing-sheet and being spaced apart far enough 'between 75 said -bearing and said edges to permit Acanting of the roofing-sheet.

16. A roof sheet for car roofs, said" roof sheet comprising a 'body ortion provided with .down-turned 'end anges, said end s0 flanges being bowed inwardly toward the center of the sheet.

17. A metalcar roof comprising a substructure and transverse roof sheets supported thereon and arranged at short intervals apart, and hollow seam caps secured at their ends to the substructure and covering the side margins of adjacent sheets, each si e of a sheet having its margin bent ver- 4 ltically upwardly and thence inwardly at a small downward inclination, and the 'hollow seam cap being laterally spaced slightly""'v from the edge 'of the inturned portion andspaced a greater distance above the 'up- -4 .turned portion of said sheet margin. 95 18. In a car roof, the combination-with side plates of carlines havin 'vertical flanges, roof sheets having vertically upturned side anges and upward projectingcorrugations parallel thereto and spaced 'O therefrom, said side anges terminating in inturned edges having a slight downward inclination, and seam Vcaps covering the re spective carlines and .the side angesof the,- roof sheets adjacent thereto, each of sa'id ll seam caps having a lateral fiange restingflatwise upon a roofsheet between the corrugation and upturned side ange thereof,L and the lower part of the side wall, of the seam cap adjacent to said lateral flange' be- '110, ing. bent outward to provide an enlargement of the space below the inturnededge ofthe roof sheet within said seam cap,

19.v In a car roof, the combination with side plates, of carlines ha vertical 1.15" flanges, roof-`sheets having iyertically upturned 'side flanges and u ding corrugations spaced therefrom, id u turned side ianges terminating in inturn 'ed es inclining downwardly,'said roof sheets j 120 ing arra vf between the fwitli' spaces between the-vertical ian- "of the. the root'4 sheets, seam caps above thet iside flanges of the roof sheets adjacent togthe 125 respective carlines, said-seam side walls terminatingjn, latei'flj-iianges.; vresting flatwise upon the roofdshe'etsbetween the u standing corrngatbnnd the up.- v turned) side flanges thereoffs'aidieeam caps 13 0' having their side walls spaced slightly from the inturned edges of said roof sheet flanges and the lower parts of the side Walls of the seam caps diverging from the roof sheet anges to provide for. an enlarged space be- 10W the inturned edges thereof Within vthe seam cap. v

Signed at New Kensington, Pa., this 30th d'a-y of December, 1 9'11.

" JOHN J. HOFFMAN. Witnesses:

BEATRICE FAGAN,

A.A. SWEE'LLAND. 

